An integrated method of copy-move and splicing for image forgery detection

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Splicing and copy-move are two well known methods of passive image forgery. In this paper, splicing and copy-move forgery detection are performed simultaneously...     

Design and optimization of Flash type Analog to Digital converter using Augmented Sleep Transistors with Current Mode Logic

This paper represents the low leakage & the delay performance optimization of Flash type Analog to Digital converter using Augmented Sleep Transistors with Current Mode Logic (ASTCML) at 45 nm technology. It is realized that the leakage power is reduced 50% approximately in ASTCML logic based analog to digital converter design at 1 V supply voltage. Due to reduced leakage power, the probability of causing thermal runaway is decreased and the design stagnation is increased. Even though the featured analog to digital converter is designed using combination of PMOS & NMOS. The anticipated analog to digital converter is appropriate for high speed and wireless network application. In this paper, different consecutive designs with flash type analog to digital converter are represented.     

Developments and Constraints in 802.11-Based Roadside-to-Vehicle Communications

Vehicular communication has recently become popular for delivering traffic information and broadband services to the commuters. The feasibility of using the opportunistic short interval connections between vehicles and between vehicles and the roadside infrastructure is under scrutiny. The main motivation behind writing this review is that several survey works addressing inter-vehicle communications are available in literature but hardly any survey article on roadside-to-vehicle (R2V) communication is known to the authors. Here, we discuss the latest standards and protocols which can allow the use of already available WLAN infrastructure in the vehicular context. The use of roadside WLAN APs would provide the same services as those envisaged by the intelligent transportation systems using the dedicated roadside base stations. In this paper, we give an overview of the recent developments, limitations, standards and protocols that can facilitate 802.11-based R2V communication.     

Velocity Modulated Bacterial Foraging Optimization Technique (VMBFO)

In this paper, a Velocity Modulated Bacterial Foraging Optimization Technique is proposed. The Bacterial Foraging algorithm is hybridized with Particle Swarm Optimization technique to reduce the convergence time while maintaining high accuracy. The hybridized optimization technique is tested on various benchmark functions like Sphere, Rosenbrock, Generalized Rastrigin, Griewank and Ackley. In addition to these, the proposed algorithm is also tested to calculate the resonant frequency of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna. The results are compared with the existing algorithms and that of experimental results and are found to be in good agreement.     

检测复位信号的电路

嵌入式单板计算机并不仅仅依靠加电来复位,它们常常采用多种复位信号源来使CPU复位,以便防止CPU被锁死在无限的循环运行之中。但是在大多数情况下,CPU都是从各存储器的起始点来取得它们的第一个代码,因为它们无法知道是什么信号造成复位。图1所示电路却能让CPU知道造成复位的信号。本电路在8位锁     

A hydrodynamic network model for interdigitated flow fields

The flow field is one of the main components of a fuel cell, which distributes the reactants to the active area of the cell and evacuates the products formed. Interdigitated flow field (IFF) is one among the different types of flow field designs that forces the reactants or products to flow through the electrode, thereby increasing the cell performance by decreasing concentration polarization loss, however, at the cost of higher-pressure drop. Prior understanding of the reactant and water vapour distribution in a flow field helps in obtaining the best flow field design. In the present paper, a model for the flow distribution and the pressure drop in an IFF has been developed using the analogy between fluid flow and electrical network in which the pressure is made analogous to the voltage and the flow rate to the current. The model, which ultimately reduces to the solution of a set of simultaneous algebraic equations, is capable of predicting the flow split among a set of inlet and outlet channels of an interdigitated flow field as well as the overall pressure drop for laminar, turbulent and two-phase flow conditions for arbitrary number of parallel channels. The results from the hydrodynamic network model have been validated against CFD simulations. This model can therefore be used for the optimization of interdigitated flow field design.     

Superprotonic Conductivity of MOFs and Other Crystalline Platforms Beyond 10−1 S cm−1

The proton-exchange membrane (PEM) is a fundamental module of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), permitting proton passage and thus governing the overall performance of PEMFCs. Till now, Nafion has been the extensively used marketable PEM material due to its high protonic conductivity of 10⁻²–10⁻¹ S cm⁻¹ under high relative humidity and 80–85 °C. On the other hand, crystalline materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), coordination polymers (CPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOFs), metalo hydrogen-bonded organic framework (MHOFs), and polyoxometalates (POMs) are emerging as potential PEM materials, where crystallinity has paved the way to study the conduction pathway and associated mechanisms to understand structure-function relationships. However, to date, ultrahigh superprotonic conductivity to the level of 10⁻¹ S cm⁻¹, close to Nafion, is relatively scarce for the crystalline proton conductors. In this review, the discussion is focused on materials that demonstrate a conductivity order of 10⁻¹ S cm⁻¹ and higher for those individual crystalline platforms (to be on the equal footing and superior to nafion, respectively) based on their synthesis approach while highlighting the design norms and key features for attaining such ultrahigh conductivity. While a critical analysis is made, the key issues and future prospects are also addressed.     

Leakage Current Reduction Techniques for 7T SRAM Cell in 45 nm Technology

In this paper the impact of gate leakage on 7T static random access memory (SRAM) is described and three techniques for reducing gate leakage currents and sub threshold leakage currents are examined. In first technique, the supply voltage is decreased. In the second techniques the voltage of the ground node is increased. While in third technique the effective voltage across SRAM cell Vd = 0.348V and Vs = 0.234V are observed. In all the techniques the effective voltage across SRAM cell is decreased in stand-by mode using a dynamic self controllable voltage level (SVL) switch. Simulation results based on cadence tool for 45 nm technology show that the techniques in which supply voltage level is reduced is more efficient in reducing gate leakage than the one in which ground node voltage is increased. Result obtained show that 437 FA reductions in the leakage currents of 7T SRAM can be achieved.     

Fracture Toughness of Plasma‐Sprayed Thermal Barrier Ceramics: Influence of Processing,Microstructure, and Thermal Aging

Fracture toughness of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) has gained significant interest in recent years as one of the dominant design parameters dictating selection of materials and assessing durability. Much progress has been made in characterizing and understanding fracture toughness of relevant TBC compositions in their bulk form, but it is also apparent that the toughness is significantly affected by process‐induced microstructural defects. In this investigation, a systematic study of the influence of coating microstructure on the fracture toughness of atmospheric plasma‐sprayed TBCs has been carried out. Yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings were fabricated under different process conditions inducing different levels of porosity and defect densities. Fracture toughness was measured on free‐standing coatings in as‐processed and thermally aged conditions using the double torsion technique. Results indicate significant variance in fracture toughness among coatings with different microstructures including changes induced by thermal aging. Comparative studies were also conducted on an alternative composition, Gd₂Zr₂O₇ which, as anticipated, shows significantly lower fracture toughness compared to YSZ. The results not only point toward a need for process and microstructure optimization for enhancing TBC performance, but also a framework for establishing performance metrics for promising new TBC compositions.